Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells deliver exogenous miR-105-5p via small extracellular vesicles to rejuvenate senescent nucleus pulposus cells and attenuate intervertebral disc degeneration
Abstract Background Mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (MSC-sEVs) have emerged as click here a promising new therapeutic strategy for intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD).However, the drawbacks of MSCs, including their invasive access, the donor age, and their limited proliferative capacity, hinder the quantity and qualit